Supply Chain Managment简单学习笔记(1)

CPIM培训学习笔记和提要

• Basic of Supply Chain Management
• Detailed Scheduling and Planning
• Master Planning of Resources
• Execution and Control of Operations
• Strategic Management of Resources

 

Manufacturing Envrionments and Process Choices

五种制造环境

1. ETO
2. MTO
3. ATO
4. MTS
5. Mass customization

三种流程和布局

1. 间隙式生产流程 -> Process Layout
2. 流式生产流程 -> Product layout
   1. repetitive or line（重复式）
   2. continuous （持续式）
3. 项目式流程

The Manufacturing Supply Chain

跨职能供应链

Develop Products->Manage Procurement->Produce Products->Manage Distribution->Perform marketing and sales

• 管理客户订单和反向物流
• 管理财务，信息，人力资源以及一般的administration

传统的内部供应链是跨职能供应链的一部分。

Conflicts in Conventional Supply System

	Marketing	Operations	Finance
目标	Increase revenue and satisfy customers	Reduce manufacturing cost	Increase profit and cash flow,reduce investment
Customer Service	1 up	4 down	7
Production efficiency	2 down	5	8
Inventory invertment	3	6	9 down

 

绩效考核 (Performance measure)

Key Performance indicaqtors （KPI) 分三层面

1. 战略 (Strategic)：市场占有率
2. 战术 (Tactical)：准时交付率
3. 运营 (Operational)：利用率和效率

方法：

• 平衡积分卡(Balanced scorecard)

物料管理 (Materials Management)

• 作用：平衡各部门目标冲突
• 两部分
  • 1） MPC （Manufacturing Planning and Control)
  • 2）Physical Supply and distribution

MPC

一个好的MPC解决的几个优先级和产能的问题

1. what are we going to make?
2. what does it take to make it?
3. What do we already have?
4. What must we get and when?

目的：生产right的产品，拥有right的质量，和right时间以right成本。

优先级与需求息息相关。

MPC活动如下（按优先级排序）：

1. Strategic and business Planning
2. 优先级计划(planning)
   1. Sales and Operations planning <--->Resource Planning(RP)
   2. Master scheduling (主生产计划）<---> Rough-cut Capacity planning(RCCP)
   3. Material Requirements Planning(MRP) 原材料需求计划<---> Capacity Requirement Planning(CRP)
3. 优先级执行(Execution)
   1. Production activity control(PAC)<--->1)Input/output control 2) Order sequencing

MRP到ERP的发展：

MRP->MRP closed loop->MRP II->ERP

MRP Processor (MRP)

Closed-loop feedback (MRP closed-loop)

Best practice processes (MRP II)

Common database (MRP II)

Sales and opertions planning (MRP II)

Total cross-functional software process integrastion (ERP)